Debunking Myths and Understanding Facts about HIV/AIDS: A Global Effort

In the ongoing battle against HIV/AIDS on a global scale, there is a constant struggle to dispel misconceptions and misinformation that continue to circulate despite the progress made in raising awareness and providing treatment. It is essential to debunk these myths surrounding the condition to ensure accurate understanding and support for those affected by HIV/AIDS. Every year on December 1, World AIDS Day serves as a reminder of the importance of raising awareness and dispelling myths surrounding HIV/AIDS.

Let's take a closer look at some common myths and the corresponding facts about this condition:

• Myth: AIDS can be transmitted through casual contact. Fact: HIV, the virus that leads to AIDS, is not spread through everyday interactions such as hugging, shaking hands, or sharing utensils. It is primarily transmitted through specific bodily fluids like blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk.
• Myth: You can get HIV from mosquito bites. Fact: HIV cannot be transmitted through mosquito bites. The virus does not survive or replicate within mosquitoes, and therefore, it cannot be spread through mosquito bites.
• Myth: HIV/AIDS only affects certain groups of people. Fact: HIV/AIDS does not discriminate and can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, sexual orientation, or ethnicity. It is a global health issue that impacts individuals from diverse backgrounds.
• Myth: AIDS can be cured with antibiotics or herbal remedies. Fact: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively manage HIV, there is currently no cure for AIDS. Antibiotics cannot eliminate the virus, and unproven herbal remedies do not provide a cure for AIDS.
• Myth: HIV/AIDS is a death sentence. Fact: With advancements in medical treatment, individuals living with HIV can lead long and healthy lives. Early diagnosis, access to proper healthcare, and adherence to treatment significantly improve outcomes for those living with HIV.
• Myth: HIV can be transmitted through saliva, tears, or sweat. Fact: HIV is not transmitted through saliva, tears, or sweat, even if these fluids come into contact with someone who has the virus. It is not spread through casual contact or by sharing personal items.
• Myth: You can tell if someone has HIV by their appearance. Fact: There are no specific physical attributes that can indicate if someone has HIV. Individuals living with HIV may appear healthy and show no visible signs of the virus.
• Myth: Using condoms is not effective in preventing HIV transmission. Fact: Correct and consistent use of condoms significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission during sexual activity. Additionally, PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a preventive measure for individuals at higher risk of HIV infection.
• Myth: If the mother is HIV positive, the baby will also be HIV positive. Fact: If a mother is HIV positive but is receiving treatment and has undetectable viral loads, the risk of mother-to-child transmission is greatly reduced. With antiretroviral treatment for the baby after birth, the risk of transmission can be further minimized.

It is essential for pregnant individuals with HIV to discuss feeding options with their healthcare provider to reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to their child. Understanding the facts about HIV/AIDS is critical in combating stigma, promoting prevention measures, and providing support to those living with the virus. Education, awareness, and access to healthcare are essential components of the global effort to control the spread of HIV and enhance the lives of those affected by AIDS.

(In collaboration with Dr. Mala Kaneria, Consultant in Infectious Diseases at Jaslok Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai)

As the fight against HIV/AIDS continues, it is imperative to stay informed and educated about the facts surrounding this condition. By dispelling myths and spreading accurate information, we can create a more supportive and understanding environment for those affected by HIV/AIDS. Let's work together to combat stigma, promote prevention, and support those living with HIV/AIDS.